Ocular Evidence
Cohort similarity search

Which published cohorts overlap my inputs?

This retrieves evidence from populations with overlapping reported ranges. It does not predict an individual outcome or assess candidacy.

Follow-upAll reported follow-ups
ProceduresICL
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May describe a treatment site, institution or author affiliation. Confirm the linked publication before interpreting it geographically.

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No age, sphere or cylinder filter was applied. Results use only the selected procedure, machine, publication-place and follow-up filters.

10 relevant study cohorts

1,278 observed eyes across matching follow-ups

Compare results

Percentages are results a study reported for its own patients, not a prediction for you. Where a study measured an outcome more than once, the latest matching follow-up is shown. “Not reported” means the study did not publish that number; it does not mean zero.

What do these outcomes mean?Hide what these outcomes mean
20/20 vision or better without glasses

Share of checked eyes that could see 20/20 or better without glasses or contact lenses after treatment.

Within half a diopter of the target

Share of checked eyes that landed within half a diopter of the correction the study aimed for.

Within one diopter of the target

Share of checked eyes that landed within one diopter of the correction the study aimed for.

Dry eye reported

Share meeting that study’s definition of dry eye; questionnaires, tests and thresholds can differ.

Halos reported

Share reporting rings around lights under the questions and symptom threshold used by that study.

Glare reported

Share reporting uncomfortable or scattered brightness under the questions and threshold used by that study.

Starbursts reported

Share reporting rays or streaks around lights under the questions and threshold used by that study.

Corneal haze reported

Share of checked eyes with postoperative corneal haze under the grading threshold and observation window used by that study. Transient and persistent haze are not interchangeable.

Infectious keratitis reported

Share of treated eyes diagnosed with infectious keratitis during the study’s observation window. Case definitions and follow-up duration may differ.

Endophthalmitis reported

Share of treated eyes diagnosed with postoperative endophthalmitis during the study’s observation window. Exact event counts and follow-up are essential for this rare serious event.

Corneal ectasia reported

Share diagnosed with post-surgery corneal weakening during the period that study observed its patients.

Normal OSDI result

Share whose dry-eye questionnaire score fell within the range that study defined as normal; this is not automatically the inverse of a dry-eye diagnosis rate.

Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI)

A questionnaire score about dry-eye symptoms and their effect on daily life; lower scores generally mean fewer symptoms.

Tear-breakup time

Seconds before the tear film starts to break apart after a blink; longer times generally indicate a more stable tear film.

Schirmer test

Millimetres of wetting on a paper strip used to assess tear production; testing protocols can differ between studies.

Dry-eye questionnaire score

A patient-reported dry-eye symptom score using the questionnaire selected by that study; scales are not interchangeable.

Filter match

ICL · EVO Implantable Collamer Lens

Three Year Results from the United States FDA Prospective Multicenter Clinical Study of the EVO/EVO+ Implantable Collamer Lens (2025)

Eyes
629
Follow-up
3 years
Location
United States

How well people saw afterwards

20/20 vision or better without glassesNot reported
Within half a diopter of the target90.7%
629 eyes assessed · at 3 years · source-reported · Source
Within one diopter of the target99.0%
629 eyes assessed · at 3 years · source-reported · Source

Side effects and related measurements

Lens exchange rate0.32%
2 of 629 eyes
Reported at/by 3 years
Source
Anterior subcapsular cataract rate0.16%
1 of 629 eyes
Reported at/by 3 years
Source

Not reported: dry eye, halos, glare, starbursts, endophthalmitis.

Who the study enrolled: Age 21 to 45 years; moderate to high myopia with astigmatism up to 4.00 D.
Read the publication
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ICL · EVO Implantable Collamer Lens

Eight-Year Outcomes of Implantation of Posterior Chamber Phakic Intraocular Lens With a Central Port for Moderate to High Ametropia (2021)

Eyes
177
Follow-up
8 years
Location
Japan

How well people saw afterwards

20/20 vision or better without glassesNot reported
Within half a diopter of the target83.0%
177 eyes assessed · at 8 years · source-reported · Source
Within one diopter of the target93.0%
177 eyes assessed · at 8 years · source-reported · Source

Side effects and related measurements

Cataract requiring lens extraction or exchange1.7%
3 of 177 eyes
Reported at/by 8 years
Source

Not reported: dry eye, halos, glare, starbursts, endophthalmitis.

Filter match

ICL · EVO Implantable Collamer Lens

A Nationwide Multicenter Study on 1-Year Outcomes of Posterior Chamber Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation for Low Myopia (2022)

Eyes
172
Follow-up
1 year
Location
Japan

How well people saw afterwards

20/20 vision or better without glassesNot reported
Within half a diopter of the target91.0%
172 eyes assessed · at 1 year · source-reported · Source
Within one diopter of the target100.0%
172 eyes assessed · at 1 year · source-reported · Source

Side effects and related measurements

Not reported: dry eye, halos, glare, starbursts, endophthalmitis.

Who the study enrolled: Low myopia or myopic astigmatism with manifest spherical equivalent of -3.00 D or less.
Read the publication
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ICL

One-Stage Versus Two-Stage Bilateral Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation: A Comparison of Efficacy and Safety (2024)

Eyes
100
Follow-up
Mean 1.1 years
Location
University Eye Hospital Munich, Germany · Smile Eyes Linz, Austria · Germany and Austria

How well people saw afterwards

20/20 vision or better without glassesNot reported
Within half a diopter of the targetNot reported
Within one diopter of the targetNot reported

Side effects and related measurements

Endophthalmitis reported0%
0 of 100 eyes
Reported at/by Mean 1.1 years
Source · Results and Discussion

Not reported: dry eye, halos, glare, starbursts.

Who the study enrolled: Bilateral ICL implantation performed on the same day with at least 12 months of follow-up.
Read the publication
Filter match

ICL · EVO Implantable Collamer Lens

Comparison of Persistent Postoperative Discomfort 1 Year after Keratorefractive Lenticule Extraction and Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation (2025)

Eyes
97
Follow-up
1 year
Location
Onnuri Smile Eye Clinic, Seoul · Onnuri Eye Hospital, Jeonju · South Korea

How well people saw afterwards

20/20 vision or better without glassesNot reported
Within half a diopter of the targetNot reported
Within one diopter of the targetNot reported

Side effects and related measurements

Halos reported63.9%
97 patients assessed
Reported at/by 1 year
Source · Abstract; Figure 1
Glare reported64.9%
97 patients assessed
Reported at/by 1 year
Source · Abstract; Figure 1

Not reported: dry eye, starbursts, endophthalmitis.

Who the study enrolled: Myopia from -0.5 to -18.0 D, anterior chamber depth greater than 2.8 mm, endothelial cell density at least 2,000 cells/mm², age at least 19 years, CDVA 20/30 or better, astigmatism up to -3.5 D, and stable refraction for more than 2 years.
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ICL

One-Stage Versus Two-Stage Bilateral Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation: A Comparison of Efficacy and Safety (2024)

Eyes
78
Follow-up
Mean 1.3 years
Location
University Eye Hospital Munich, Germany · Smile Eyes Linz, Austria · Germany and Austria

How well people saw afterwards

20/20 vision or better without glassesNot reported
Within half a diopter of the targetNot reported
Within one diopter of the targetNot reported

Side effects and related measurements

Endophthalmitis reported0%
0 of 78 eyes
Reported at/by Mean 1.3 years
Source · Results and Discussion

Not reported: dry eye, halos, glare, starbursts.

Who the study enrolled: Bilateral ICL implantation staged one day to one week apart with at least 12 months of follow-up.
Read the publication
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ICL · EVO Implantable Collamer Lens

Visual Outcomes, Footplate Position and Vault Achieved with the Visian Implantable Collamer Lens for Myopic Astigmatism (2021)

Eyes
42
Follow-up
3 months
Location
London · London Vision Clinic · United Kingdom

How well people saw afterwards

20/20 vision or better without glasses89.0%
Denominator not reported · at 3 months · source-reported · Source · Abstract — Results
Within half a diopter of the target74.0%
Denominator not reported · at 3 months · source-reported · Source · Abstract — Results
Within one diopter of the target98.0%
Denominator not reported · at 3 months · source-reported · Source · Abstract — Results

Side effects and related measurements

Not reported: dry eye, halos, glare, starbursts, endophthalmitis.

Who the study enrolled: Consecutive EVO and EVO+ ICL procedures for myopic astigmatism sized with VHF digital ultrasound.
Read the publication
Filter match

ICL · EVO Implantable Collamer Lens

Two-Year Visual Outcomes of Evolution Implantable Collamer Lens and Small Incision Lenticule Extraction for the Correction of Low Myopia (2022)

Eyes
25
Follow-up
2 years
Location
China

How well people saw afterwards

20/20 vision or better without glassesNot reported
Within half a diopter of the target96.0%
24 of 25 eyes · at 2 years · source-reported · Source
Within one diopter of the targetNot reported

Side effects and related measurements

Not reported: dry eye, halos, glare, starbursts, endophthalmitis.

Filter match

ICL · EVO Implantable Collamer Lens

Five-year outcomes of EVO implantable collamer lens implantation for the correction of high myopia and super high myopia (2021)

Eyes
Not reported
Follow-up
5 years
Location
China

How well people saw afterwards

20/20 vision or better without glassesNot reported
Within half a diopter of the target60.5%
Denominator not reported · at 5 years · source-reported · Source
Within one diopter of the target79.1%
Denominator not reported · at 5 years · source-reported · Source

Side effects and related measurements

Not reported: dry eye, halos, glare, starbursts, endophthalmitis.

Filter match

ICL · EVO Implantable Collamer Lens

Five-year outcomes of EVO implantable collamer lens implantation for the correction of high myopia and super high myopia (2021)

Eyes
Not reported
Follow-up
5 years
Location
China

How well people saw afterwards

20/20 vision or better without glassesNot reported
Within half a diopter of the target22.5%
Denominator not reported · at 5 years · source-reported · Source
Within one diopter of the target47.5%
Denominator not reported · at 5 years · source-reported · Source

Side effects and related measurements

Not reported: dry eye, halos, glare, starbursts, endophthalmitis.