Range-qualified cohorts may include eyes outside −6.00 D to −10.00 D. A mean-qualified cohort may also include eyes outside the interval. Inspect the reported baseline and eligibility definition before comparing outcomes.
18qualifying arms
13source studies
3,019reported enrolled eyes*
5procedures represented
* Descriptive sum of reported arm counts; missing counts are not treated as zero.
Underlying cohorts
LOW evidenceRETROSPECTIVEVerified evidence
ICLEVO Implantable Collamer Lens97 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported mean falls within the high-myopia viewReported mean: -8.83 D · range not reported
1 year97 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Postoperative night glare HIGH evidencePROSPECTIVE COHORTVerified evidence
SMILEVISUMAX 800473 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported range overlaps the high-myopia viewReported range: -10 to -0.25 D · mean: -4.49 D
6 months473 observed eyes
Uncorrected 20/20 or better Refraction within ±0.50 D Refraction within ±1.00 D Lost at least 2 lines of CDVA HIGH evidenceFDA POST APPROVALVerified evidence
ICLEVO Implantable Collamer Lens629 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported range overlaps the high-myopia viewReported range: -15.62 to -3 D · mean: -7.62 D
3 years629 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Refraction within ±0.50 D Refraction within ±1.00 D Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Mean postoperative spherical equivalent Gained 1 or more lines of corrected visual acuity Anterior subcapsular cataract rate LOW evidenceRETROSPECTIVEVerified evidence
ICLDevice not reported100 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported mean falls within the high-myopia viewReported mean: -7.9 D · range not reported
Mean 1.1 years100 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
LOW evidenceRETROSPECTIVEVerified evidence
ICLDevice not reported78 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported mean falls within the high-myopia viewReported mean: -8 D · range not reported
Mean 1.3 years78 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
MODERATE evidenceRETROSPECTIVEVerified evidence
ICLEVO Implantable Collamer Lens177 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported mean falls within the high-myopia viewReported mean: -7.99 D · range not reported
8 years177 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Refraction within ±0.50 D Refraction within ±1.00 D Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Cataract requiring lens extraction or exchange MODERATE evidencePROSPECTIVE COHORTVerified evidence
ICLEVO Implantable Collamer LensEye count not reported
Why this arm is included
Reported range overlaps the high-myopia viewReported range: -12 to -6 D · mean: -9.72 D
5 yearsFollow-up sample not reported
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Refraction within ±0.50 D Refraction within ±1.00 D Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Mean postoperative spherical equivalent LOW evidenceRETROSPECTIVEVerified evidence
ICLEVO Implantable Collamer Lens42 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported range overlaps the high-myopia viewReported range: -16.98 to -4.4 D · mean: -10.83 D
3 monthsFollow-up sample not reported
Uncorrected 20/20 or better Refraction within ±0.50 D Refraction within ±1.00 D Lost at least 2 lines of CDVA LOW evidenceRETROSPECTIVEVerified evidence
SMILEVisuMax Femtosecond Laser616 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported range overlaps the high-myopia viewReported range: -11 to -1 D
5 yearsFollow-up sample not reported
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Refraction within ±0.50 D Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Uncorrected distance vision 20/25 or better HIGH evidenceFDA PIVOTALVerified evidence
PRKALLEGRETTO WAVE EYE-Q320 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported range overlaps the high-myopia viewReported range: -6 to -0.75 D · mean: -3.351 D
3 months317 observed eyes
Uncorrected 20/20 or better Refraction within ±0.50 D Refraction within ±1.00 D Lost at least 2 lines of CDVA 6 months314 observed eyes
Uncorrected 20/20 or better Refraction within ±0.50 D Refraction within ±1.00 D Lost at least 2 lines of CDVA 12 months311 observed eyes
Uncorrected 20/20 or better Refraction within ±0.50 D Refraction within ±1.00 D Lost at least 2 lines of CDVA MODERATE evidencePROSPECTIVE COHORTVerified evidence
SMILEDevice not reported47 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported mean falls within the high-myopia viewReported mean: -7.46 D · range not reported
1 month47 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Salisbury Eye Evaluation Questionnaire dry-eye score 3 months47 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Salisbury Eye Evaluation Questionnaire dry-eye score 6 months47 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Salisbury Eye Evaluation Questionnaire dry-eye score 12 months47 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Salisbury Eye Evaluation Questionnaire dry-eye score MODERATE evidencePROSPECTIVE COHORTVerified evidence
LASIKDevice not reported43 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported mean falls within the high-myopia viewReported mean: -7.44 D · range not reported
1 month43 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Salisbury Eye Evaluation Questionnaire dry-eye score 3 months43 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Salisbury Eye Evaluation Questionnaire dry-eye score 6 months43 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Salisbury Eye Evaluation Questionnaire dry-eye score 12 months43 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Salisbury Eye Evaluation Questionnaire dry-eye score MODERATE evidencePROSPECTIVE COHORTVerified evidence
TransPRKAMARIS41 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported mean falls within the high-myopia viewReported mean: -7.9 D · range not reported
12 months41 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Refraction within ±0.50 D Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Mean postoperative spherical equivalent Mean uncorrected distance visual acuity MODERATE evidencePROSPECTIVE COHORTVerified evidence
PRKAMARIS29 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported mean falls within the high-myopia viewReported mean: -8.2 D · range not reported
12 months29 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Refraction within ±0.50 D Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Mean postoperative spherical equivalent Mean uncorrected distance visual acuity MODERATE evidencePROSPECTIVE COHORTVerified evidence
LASIKAMARIS31 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported mean falls within the high-myopia viewReported mean: -7.4 D · range not reported
12 months31 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Refraction within ±0.50 D Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Mean postoperative spherical equivalent Mean uncorrected distance visual acuity MODERATE evidencePROSPECTIVE COHORTVerified evidence
SMILEDevice not reported38 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported range overlaps the high-myopia viewReported range: -9 to -4.25 D · mean: -6.68 D
1 week37 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Ocular Surface Disease Index Schirmer I test without anesthesia 1 month37 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Ocular Surface Disease Index Schirmer I test without anesthesia 3 months36 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Ocular Surface Disease Index Schirmer I test without anesthesia 6 months36 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Ocular Surface Disease Index Schirmer I test without anesthesia MODERATE evidencePROSPECTIVE COHORTVerified evidence
LASIKDevice not reported33 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported range overlaps the high-myopia viewReported range: -12.5 to -2 D · mean: -7.96 D
1 week32 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Ocular Surface Disease Index Schirmer I test without anesthesia 1 month31 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Ocular Surface Disease Index Schirmer I test without anesthesia 3 months30 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Ocular Surface Disease Index Schirmer I test without anesthesia 6 months30 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Not reportedRefraction within ±1.00 D
Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
Ocular Surface Disease Index Schirmer I test without anesthesia MODERATE evidenceRETROSPECTIVEVerified evidence
PRKDevice not reported225 enrolled eyes
Why this arm is included
Reported range overlaps the high-myopia viewReported range: -6 to 0 D
10 years225 observed eyes
Not reportedUncorrected 20/20 or better
Not reportedRefraction within ±0.50 D
Refraction within ±1.00 D Not reportedLost at least 2 lines of CDVA
Additional source-reported outcomes
MRSE within ±2.00 D of target